The Company Group showed progress in greenhouse gas management for the transition to low-carbon energy as follows
The results reflected the Company Group’s progress and commitment to roll out actions continuously and appropriately, taking into account energy stability and limitations of assets in each country.
GHG Reduction Targets and Performance
The Company Group’s total greenhouse gas emissions (Scope 1-3) amounted 19,447,065 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e) under the financial control approach. Details are as follows
| Indicators | unit | 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| Direct (Scope 1) GHG Emission | ||
| Direct GHG Emission (Scope 1) | tCO2e | 4,764,493 |
| Energy Indirect (Scope 2) GHG Emission | ||
| Indirect GHG emission from energy purchased (Scope 2) - Location Based | tCO2e | 27,766 |
| Indirect GHG emission from energy purchased (Scope 2) - Market Based | tCO2e | 27,766 |
| Other Indirect (Scope 3) GHG Emission : classified into nine categories of activities related to the electricity business. | ||
| Other Indirect (Scope 3) GHG Emission | tCO2e | 14,654,806 |
| Category 1: Purchased Goods and Services | tCO2e | 1,725 |
| Category 2: Capital Goods | tCO2e | 786 |
| Category 3: Fuel- and Energy-Related Activities | tCO2e | 1,274,321 |
| Category 4: Upstream Transportation and Distribution | tCO2e | 10 |
| Category 5: Waste Generated in Operations | tCO2e | 2,604 |
| Category 6: Business Travel | tCO2e | 205 |
| Category 7: Employee Commuting | tCO2e | 259 |
| Category 13:Downstream Leased Assets | tCO2e | 14 |
| Category 15: Investments | tCO2e | 13,374,883 |
Remark : * Scope 3 emissions from investment activities cover the emissions of coal- and gas-fired power plants with combined equity installed capacity of 6,605.42 MW or 68.91% of total installed capacity.
GHG emission reporting (under the financial control approach)
| Indicators | Unit | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GHG Emission Scope 1-2 | tCO2e | 4,792,259 | 4,569,025 | 4,232,364 |
| GHG Intensity: Scope 1-2 | tCO2e/MWh | 0.2999 | 0.2911 | 0.3464 |
Comparison and Changes
The Company Group’s emissions in 2025 increased from 2024, primarily due to the consolidation of Hin Kong Combined Cycle Power Plant into the Company Group’s financial statements. The Group’s performance in terms of efficiency and structure of greenhouse gas management remains in line with the energy transition strategy in the medium and long term, reflecting enhancements in operational efficiency and an increase in renewable energy for power generation.
- Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions in the reporting year amounted to 4.79 million tCO2e, up 4.87% from the previous year.
- Intensity increased from 0.2911 to 0.2999 tCO2e/MWh
- The proportion of renewable energy power generation increased by 4.4%, which helped slow down an increase in overall emissions.
Reduction of Emissions from Production Process
Energy management
In 2025, five large and small power plants and Head Office launched 26 activities on production and energy efficiency enhancement, which ably reduced heat energy by 16,591 million BTU and energy consumption by 8,506,624 kilowatts-hour or equivalent to 4,865 tCO2e of emission reduction.
GHG Reduction from Renewable-Base Electricity
In 2025, the Company used renewable energy to generate and distribute 3,130,266 megawatts-hour net, or 19.11% of total production.
Greenhouse Gas Removals from Forest Land
In 2025, the Company Group joined Thailand Voluntary Emission Reduction Program (T-VER) with terrestrial and mangrove reforestation projects, supported community forest conservation for carbon credits, and promoted community forest conservation through the Love the Forests and the Community Project that has been going on continuously since 2008. The activities have increased the carbon sinks to absorb and remove atmospheric greenhouse gases and reduce GHG intensity and created shared benefits through enhanced biodiversity and a balance of ecosystem for the livelihoods and quality of life of community and society.
The Group’s Reforestation Projects for Carbon Sequestration
| Forestry and green space projects |
Collaborator | Area (rai) |
Period of credit calculation |
Volume of carbon credits (tCO2e) |
T-VER Registration/ Carbon credit certification |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total credits | Credits for RATCH/Year |
Credits Received | |||||
| RATCH Group PCL. | |||||||
| Forest conservation project to enhance biodiversity and create carbon sinks under Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management’s T-VER scheme (Klong Takien Forest in Kasetsuvarn Subdistrict, Bo-Tong District, Chonburi Province) | Department of Royal Forest | 339.02 | 15 years (17/07/2024 – 30/09/2039) |
4,831.04 | 289.86 (90%) |
- | Expectation T-VER registration in 2026 and verify carbon credit in 2030 |
| Forest Resource Conservation Project to Reduce Greenhouse Gases and Increase Biodiversity under The Cooperation in Developing T-VER, Pa Daeng and Pa Chum Num Klang National Reserved Forest, Nong Yai District, Chonburi Province | Department of Royal Forest | 130 | 15 years (27/10/2025 – 30/09/2040) |
1,852.5 | 111.15 (90%) |
- | Expectation T-VER registration in 2026 and verify carbon credit in 2030 |
| Mangrove reforestation for carbon credits | Department of Marine and Coastal Resources | 113.47 | 10 years (24/08/2023 – 23/08/2033) |
3,120 | 280.8 (90%) |
- | T-VER registration in 2024 and verify carbon credit in 2027 |
| Forest Carbon Credits Management for Sustainable Development Project (Bannacharoen community forest, Chaing-rai province) | Mae Fah Luang Foundation under Royal Patronage | 1,000 | 5 years (2022-2027) (Purchasing carbon credits for a 3-year period from 2022 to 2025) |
1,914.03 | 551.19 (as project agreement) |
- | T-VER registration in 2024 and verify carbon credit in 2026 |
| Forest Carbon Credits Management for Sustainable Development Project (community forests in the North and Northeast) | Mae Fah Luang Foundation under Royal Patronage | 10,000 | 5 years (2023-2028) (Purchasing carbon credits for a 3-year period from 2023 to 2026) |
18,747.78 | 5,468.25 (as project agreement) |
- | T-VER registration in 2024 and verify carbon credit in 2027 |
| Preservation, restoration and management of 5 community forests in Sa Kaeo, Khon Kaen and Nakhon Ratchasima provinces for GHG emission reduction | Department of Royal Forest | 2,724.23 | 15 years (2024-2038) |
10,935 | 364.5 (50%) |
- | T-VER registration in 2026 and verify carbon credit in 2029 |
| Preservation, restoration and management of 2 community forests in Phrae Province | Department of Royal Forest | 2,498.19 | 15 years (2024-2038) |
8,595 | 286.5 (50%) |
- | T-VER registration in 2026 and verify carbon credit in 2030 |
| Ratchaburi Electricity Generating Co., Ltd. | |||||||
| Ratchaburi Power Plant’s sustainable reforestation project | 47.92 | 20 years (01/09/2019 - 31/08/2039) |
1,140 | 57 | 390 | The next round of carbon credits certification in 2027 | |
Mangrove Reforestation Project on Accreting Sediment Areas
by Ratchaburi Power Plant in Bangkeaw, Subdistrict, Ban-Leam District, Petchaburi Province
In 2025, Ratchaburi Electricity Generating Co., Ltd., a major subsidiary, kicked off a mangrove reforestation project on the company’s 12-rai land in Bang Kaew subdistrict, Ban Laem District, Phetchaburi Province after a study that selected 3 mangrove trees suitable for the area - loop-root mangrove, avicennia alba, and avicennia marina – due to their best growth potential resistance to natural disturbances.
A number of 2,200 Avicennia alba seedlings at least 3 months old (more than 60 cm. in height) were sourced in Samut Songkhram Province and planted in July 2025 on an area of 7.35 rai (with 2x3 meters in tree spacing. During August and October, the company inspected the area and found 76.36% of the trees survive, which met the 70% survival rate target. The trees ably grew and resisted strong wind.
The Company aims to turn this piece of land to a mangrove ecosystem that boasts biodiversity, to provide habitats and nursery for marine life and serve as a carbon sink in the future.
The project also supports Target 14.6: Management and rehabilitation of coastal and marine ecosystem under SDG 14: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.
Activities to increase carbon sinks/GHG removal
The Company hosted the Community Forest Contest 2025 and offered prize money to 16 forests nationwide, covering a combined area of 24,088.08 rai in the North, the Northeast, the South, the Central Region and the East. These community forests play an important role to help the nation achieve climate and biodiversity targets, with the capacity to sequestrate 151,754.90 tons of carbon and to generate ecosystem services value worth around THB 2,161.59 million. Besides, they can store groundwater and discharge runoff, and enhance biodiversity significantly.
Disclosure in the alignment with TCFD
